Uterine cancer in women refers to cancer that begins in the uterus, which is the hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis where fetal development occurs during pregnancy. It is one of the most common gynecologic cancers.

 Types of Uterine Cancer:

1. Endometrial Cancer (most common):

   • Starts in the lining of the uterus (endometrium).

   • Often detected early due to abnormal vaginal bleeding.

2. Uterine Sarcoma (less common):

   • Begins in the muscle layer or other tissues of the uterus.

   • More aggressive and harder to detect early.

 Common Symptoms:

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding (especially after menopause)

• Pelvic pain or pressure

• Pain during intercourse

• Unusual vaginal discharge

• Unintended weight loss

 Risk Factors:

• Obesity

• Diabetes

• Estrogen therapy without progesterone

• Early menstruation or late menopause

• Family history (e.g., Lynch syndrome)

• Never having been pregnant

 Diagnosis:

• Pelvic exam

• Ultrasound

• Endometrial biopsy

• Hysteroscopy

• Dilation and curettage (D&C)

 Treatment Options:

• Surgery (usually hysterectomy)

• Radiation therapy

• Hormone therapy

• Chemotherapy

• Targeted therapy or immunotherapy (in some advanced cases)

 Prognosis:

• Depends on type, stage at diagnosis, and general health.

• Endometrial cancer often has a good prognosis if caught early.